THE BURGON SOCIETY
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Regulations for Academical Dress

Introduction UK and Ireland Europe United States
Canada Australia and NZ Africa India and SE Asia
Music Colleges Other - -

University Regulations in Continental Europe

All of the following Universities are recorded as having Academical Dress at some time during their history. More details on the individual Universities can be found in A History of Academical Dress in Europe until the end of the 18th Century by W. H. Hargreaves-Mawdsley, published in 1963 (see the Library for more details).

    Universities in Italy

  • The University of Bologna (12th Century)
  • The University of Padua (1222)
  • The Sapienza, Rome (1303)
  • The University of Pisa (1342)
  • The University of Florence (1349)
  • The University of Pavia (1361)
  • The University of Ferrara (1389)

    Universities in France

  • The University of Paris (12th Century)
  • The University of Toulouse (1229)
  • The University of Montpellier (1289)
  • The University of Avignon (1303)
  • The University of Orléans (1312)
  • The University of Perpignan (1349)
  • The University of Angers (1364)
  • The University of Aix-Marseilles (1409).
  • The University of Dôle (1424)
  • The University of Poitiers (1431)
  • The University of Caen (1432).
  • The University of Bordeaux (1441).
  • The University of Nantes (1460)
  • The University of Bourges (1465)
  • The University of Nancy (1572) - formerly Pont-à-Mousson
  • The University of Pau (1726)

    Universities in Spain

  • The University of Salamanca (1254)
  • The University of Lérida (1300)
  • The University of Valladolid (1346)
  • The University of Huesca (1354)
  • The University of Barcelona (1430)
  • The University of Alcalá (1499)
  • The University of Mallorca (1698)

    Universities in Portugal

  • The University of Coimbra (1288)

    Universities in the Czech Republic

  • The University of Prague (1347)
  • Brno University of Technology

    Universities in Poland

  • The University of Cracow (1362)

    Universities in Austria

  • The University of Vienna (1365)

    Universities in Hungary

  • The University of Pécs (1367)
  • The University of Óbuda (1389)
  • The University of Pozsony (1467)
  • The University of Badapest - formerly Nagyszombat

    Universities in Germany

  • The University of Erfurt (1378)
  • The University of Cologne (1385)
  • The University of Hiedelberg (1386)
  • The University of Würzburg (1403)
  • The University of Leipzig (1409)
  • The University of Greifswald (1456)
  • The University of Ingolstadt (1472)
  • The University of Mainz (1477)
  • The University of Tübingen (1477)
  • The University of Wittenberg (1502)
  • The University of Frankfurt-on-Oder (1506)
  • The University of Königsberg (1544)
  • The University of Jena (1558)
  • The University of Helmstädt (1575)
  • The University of Altdorf (1578)
  • The University of Strassburg (1621)
  • The University of Kiel (1665)
  • The University of Halle (1694)
  • The University of Göttingen (1737)
  • The University of Erlangen (1743)

    Universities in Belgium

  • The University of Louvain (1426)
  • The University of Douai (1560)

    Universities in Switzerland

  • The University of Basel (1460)
  • The University of Geneva (1559)

    Universities in Denmark

  • The University of Copenhagen (1478)

    Universities in Holland

  • The University of Leyden (1575)
  • The University of Franeker (1586)
  • The University of Utrecht (1636)

    Universities in Finland

  • The University of Helsinki (1640)
  • The University of Tampere - see regulation 2

    Universities in Malta

  • The Royal University (1769)